3D Television Technology

The idea of 3D in TVs has not justified itself, since 2016, the release of 3D TVs has been discontinued.

Continue to develop televisions have three-dimensional image, TVs with 3D or also called TV 3D.
The principle of viewing 3D was developed in the early 20th century, being able to view movies in 3D was only in stereo cinema. With the development of technologies for production of TVs and the start of mass production of 3D TVs (2010year) it became possible to watch movies in the format and transmission of 3D TV at home.

Health warning (injury from watching 3D TV).

Some viewers complain of headaches and eye fatigue when viewing 3D-films. There are several limitations, especially for the elderly. This occurrence of motion sickness (seasick), which in turn can exacerbate other diseases migraine, visual disturbances, mental disorders.

TV 3D TV have two major defects that are unnatural for a man:

• Crosstalk between the eyes caused by imperfect separation image
• discrepancy between convergence (convergence in physiology – movement paired organs to each other: eg., convergence eye) and accommodation (from Lat. accommodation – a device, the device body or the whole body to change. It is used in the description of the changes the refractive power of the optical system of the eye to clear perception of objects located at different distances).

It is believed that about 12% of people can not properly see the 3D image, due to various medical conditions. According to the results of another experiment to 30% of people have a very weak stereoscopic vision. This negates or reduces the effect of immersion in 3D TV.

Type 3D TV technology (3D smart TV)

To create a 3D image TV on TV, you need to meet several conditions:

1. 3D TV has a special matrix screen.
2. Update frequency images on the screen should be at least 120 frames per second (applies to active technology), if the frequency is less than one notices flickering TV screen.

The most widely used in televisions, two technologies for creating 3D images.

• polarization (passive 3d tv)
• active shutter (active 3d technology)

There is a third method of autostereoscopic technology is a method of creating a three-dimensional image and its viewing without special glasses, this method has received a start in life and leading the company released a TV using this technology. But because of the high price of the TV, not widely clause is used.

In the method for forming an autostereoscopic three-dimensional image using a lens system for projecting three-dimensional images, and if more detail is superimposed over the matrix LCD layer of microlenses, each of which deflects light from the panel pixels at different angles. As a result, some pixels, the viewer sees one eye, and some others, and thus formed three-dimensional effect. For this method plays an important role viewing angle of the image. Combining the different luminance levels of neighboring pixels of the matrix screen, forming one pixel Full HD image, the focal point can be changed within wide limits. Manufacturers recommend that the distance to the TV with a screen size of 55 inches – 7 feet, and effective operating range is the distance of 7-16 feet. Focus 3D pictures can be adjusted manually, using special templates in the setup menu also has an automatic setting. In the television camera is installed, tracks the movement of the viewers’ eyes.

Autostereoscopic method has its drawbacks:

• • low angle view TV

• because lenses 2D image loses clarity.

This TV company released Toshiba, Toshiba 55ZL2 this model cost about $ 7500 TV that prohibitively expensive and as practice shows actual price is too high, in a few years, the cost of the TV is reduced significantly. Philips also developed similar technology in 2010, but marketing companies decided not appropriate for further development. Due to the slow transition of users from 2D to 3D.

The leading company for the production of TVs offer models with support for 3D TV is such as brands:

• Samsung
• LG
• Philips
• Sony
• Thomson
• Panasonic
• Loewe
• Sharp
• Toshiba

Passive 3D technology

In the production of TV sets are widely used method of polarization to create a 3D effect.

The principle is that the image on the TV screen is polarized, (before the screen is set special film) to make it clear changes the angle of the light waves from the TV screen, in a passive technology is usually implemented through the line, it is shown that the image consists of alternating rows . In the glasses is also worth a polarizing film which transmits only those lines that go at a right angle to the right and left eyes. The right eye sees one image line, the left sees the other line. Due to this and the three-dimensional image is created on the passive technology. These technologies are used in cinemas 3D.

the figure we see a visible image is the left and right human eyes. but due to the inertia of perception of the audience does not notice that he does not show the full picture. This technology has the disadvantage that the viewer sees a 3D image with a picture of a reduced number of horizontal lines exactly 2 times instead of 1080 sees the 540. Although it is not noticeable to the viewer.

Active 3D technology

In active 3D TV technologies glasses and TV related (synchronized) such as by using infrared light. Occurs darkening glass glasses for the left and right eyes.
The lenses in the glasses contain liquid crystals which are polarized by applying a voltage, the viewer sees the image of one eye.

 The viewer watches the film with one eye, then when viewing 3D TV, refresh the image on the TV screen is halved.
When the frame rate of 120 per minute really viewer watching TV with a refresh rate of 60 frames per second. This is enough not to notice flickering images.

Initially, active glasses have a lot of weight as they built circuit and power supply for glasses in modern TV technology through the development of active glasses are identical with passive.

What technology is best active vs passive

Definitely hard to say both technologies are applied, in principle, they mean by quality close to each other. Common to them is like all 3D TV systems decrease the luminous flux (brightness) when viewing 3D TV but in modern TV manufacturers have overcome this defect and almost viewer hardly notices the transition from 2D to view 3D dimming. The viewer is literally 10-20 seconds gets used and does not feel discomfort. The viewer does not have to strain your eyes to see the pictures.

Another thing physiological features while viewing 3D TV active deception occurs brain to create a volume, you can fasten a person sitting and alternately closes his eyes. Though when viewing a person does not notice the glasses alternately darken points, but the subconscious mind sees and studies show that eyes get tired more quickly and feel uncomfortable when viewing the active TV 3D.

Some experts say that the future of the passive technology that other active improves and her future, and others that the future of autostereoscopic method of creating a TV 3D.